![]() Please note that most regions limit the total power output from the point of the antenna. Transmit Power (dBm) - Cable Loss (dB) + Antenna Gain (dB) = System Output To calculate the total system output of power at the antenna, the following equation can be used: Transmit Power (dBm) - Cable Loss (dB) = Antenna InputĪdditionally, if the power entering the antenna isn’t quite enough, a higher gain antenna can be used. To easily calculate the amount of power that the RFID antenna is receiving, see the equation below. If the application is losing too much energy from the cable, consider decreasing the length and/or increasing the insulation rating to ensure more energy is received by the antenna. ![]() If an application isn’t getting the desired read range, transmit power on the reader and cable loss can easily be calculated and adjusted. Likewise, for every 3 dB increase, the transmitted power doubles. A reduction of 6 dB would be only 25% of the original power setting, and so on. ![]() *Of note, because power is being measured on the decibel scale, for every 3 dB reduction, the power is cut in half. This chart shows the correlation between the two so that, if the cable must be lengthened, a higher insulation rating can be used to offset the loss. Below is a chart documenting cable loss by length for each insulation rating. For applications that need a system running at maximum power to provide long read range or for tracking at high speeds - the reader’s transmit power, cable loss, and antenna gain will play key roles. ![]() Determining Cable LossĬable loss is the amount of power lost from the cable and is determined by the insulation rating and length of the cable. Later, this guide will walk through what types of connectors are compatible with each other. The downside to a thicker, more insulated cable is that the cable is less pliable and could be difficult to position in a tight space.Ĭonnectors – Connectors are located at both ends of a cable, and their type is determined by the connectors on the reader and antenna being used in the application. The most common ratings used with UHF coaxial cables are 195 series, 240 series, and 400 series. Insulation Rating – The higher the insulation rating, the thicker and more protected the cable. If a long cable must be used, it is important to use the appropriate level of insulation required to combat loss. In some applications, the reader is farther from the antenna due to the nature of the application. No antenna cable is perfectly insulated so, the farther the energy travels, the more energy it will lose. Length – The longer the cable, the farther the energy has to travel. Three components make up a coaxial cable, and are important to understand in order to select the correct cable for an application. Energy loss happens in every system the key here is to understand how it is lost from a cable in order to fight it. Components of Coaxial CablesĬables have one job – to transfer energy but, just as important, cables must be properly built to combat potential energy loss. The better insulated the cable is, the less energy lost during the process.Īntenna cables terminate at both ends in a connector but, connectors, as well as adapters, can also be sold separately. The energy generated by the RFID reader is sent via the antenna port of the reader, into the first connector, through the cable, out the other connector, and into the antenna. Coaxial cables are energy conductors consisting of a copper core that is insulated by both metal and rubber. They can also be used to connect auxiliary devices like antenna hubs and multiplexers in certain applications.
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